The wealthy Bengali zamindar Nikhil has spent his last nine years of marriage trying to modernize and westernize his wife Bimala. But when he invites his friend Sandip, a fiery pro-Swadeshi activist fighting for Indian independence, to his home, Bimala becomes enraptured by the nationalist cause—and by the fascinating figure himself.

The Home and the World is a complex exploration of the contradictions of the anti-British Swadeshi movement in the early 1900s. Rabindranath Tagore was himself active in the early days of the movement, but later became disillusioned, for reasons this novel examines in depth. The novel is also an examination of the traditional organization of wealthy Bengali households, in which women are kept separate from the outside world.

The Home and the World was adapted into a 1984 Golden Palm nominated film by Satyajit Ray.